Nizwa Day Trip to Forts, Castles, Souqs, Oman Grand Canyon

Last Updated: May 19, 2025 // by Rhonda Albom // 57 Comments
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Leaving Muscat, we headed inland into the desert towards Nizwa. A well-planned adventure, yet it was full of surprises. The city, a date palm forest oasis in the middle of a desert, is surrounded by natural beauty and steeped in history, tradition, and culture.

Situated on the plains of the Hajar Mountains, this former capital of Oman (sixth and seventh centuries AD) is only a two-hour drive from Muscat.

Referred to as the ‘Pearl of Islam’, Nizwa is currently the country’s second-biggest tourist destination. And it doesn’t take long to know why. The souqs and markets are vibrant and busy, the historic sites are both unique and fascinating, and the mountain backdrop is amazing.

Our busy day included castles, forts, souqs, markets, towns of mud-brick buildings, a watchtower, camels, impressive views, friendly locals, sweet dates, and the Oman Grand Canyon.

We returned to Muscat exhausted but really glad we went.

Note that Nizwa is a conservative town, and our guide recommended we adhere to the general guidelines for respectful clothing in Oman, which for women involve covering of shoulders and knees. Plus, in certain places, he recommended hair coverings.

Top 10 things to do on a Nizwa day trip

Explore the mountains
Nizwa Fort and Castle
Old Nizwa Souq
If it’s Friday, don’t miss the Nizwa livestock market
Jabrin Castle
Bahla Fort
Misfat Al Abrieyeen
Al Hamra
Hoota Cave
Jebel Shams and Oman Grand Canyon

Where is Nizwa?

Oman is in the Middle East, on the Arabian Sea. It sits to the east of UAE and Saudi Arabia. The current capital is Muscat. Check out this map of our Nizwa day trip.

Nizwa Fort and Castle

A traditional water jug hanging in the Nizwa castle in Oman — A traditional water jug is hanging inside the Nizwa Castle.

Nizwa Fort in Oman — A traditional water jug is hanging inside the Nizwa Castle.

The Nizwa fort tower in Oman — The tower

Two key and connected landmarks of this former Omani capital are the 9th-century Nizwa Castle and the Fort added during the 1650s.

The fort’s tower remains the largest round tower in Arabia at 45 metres in diameter and 34 metres tall. Standing in the centre of the massive structure, it is easy to understand why this is the most visited national monument in Oman.

But I am not sure photos do it justice. To make it easier to comprehend the size, take a look at the image just above. Notice my daughter standing on the 9th stair to the bottom on the right-hand side.

Although there is clear signage in multiple languages (including English) that explains each room and area’s usage, what made this visit truly special was our guide and the stories he told. He even did things like sit on floor cushions in one room to demonstrate what the sultan would do.

And he showed us plenty of secret security items like the slot you can see in both the second photo (close-up) and the final one (on the ground). This hole/slot is part of the security system. Guards poured boiling date syrup on unsuspecting intruders as they attempted to pass under.

Old Nizwa Souq

The old souq (marketplace) in Nizwa Oman. — Old Nizwa souq

More conservative than the Mutrah Souq in Muscat, it was recommended that we cover our shoulders, knees, and hair when we visited.

In addition to a shopping area, it was also a gathering place for men. We saw groups of men sitting, talking, and often laughing amongst themselves. I was asked not to share photographs of these groups.

Nizwa livestock market

Overview of the Friday animal market in Nizwa Oman — Friday livestock market in Nizwa
Photo credit: Depositphotos

One of the best examples of tradition carried through the ages the Nizwa livestock market auctions off animals every Friday morning. Taking place at the Nizwa souq, it attracts herders and farmers far and wide.

It’s an early and chaotically busy start at 6.30am, especially if you are trying to get here from Muscat for the market. If you are not early, you will miss it. By 9.30am, many locals have already gone home.

Unfortunately, we didn’t plan well and missed the livestock market. On the bright side, we got to attend a livestock market in Rissani, Morocco.

Jabrin Castle

Our next stop was the more ornate Jabrin Castle, constructed in 1675 it served as a summer residence for the sultan.

It is located in the nearby town of Jabrin, also a palm desert.

Bahla Fort

The Bahla Fort was built in the 13th and 14th centuries and is the only fort in Oman that has UNESCO World Heritage status.

Finding this location without a tour guide might be a bit more challenging, as it’s not well sign-posted, but it is worth the effort.

Misfat Al Abriyeen

One of my favourite towns on this tour, the locals of Misfat Al Abrieyeen, follow a more traditional lifestyle complimented with some modern conveniences. However, what I found most interesting was the mud-brick homes literally built into the mountain.

In fact, I liked it so much that I wrote a separate article on Misfat Al Abrieyeen.

Al Hamra

Al Hajar mountains are an interesting mix of green palms and desert structures. — Watchtower in Al Hamra

Al Hamra sits at the foothills of the Al Hajar Mountains. It’s one of the country’s oldest towns and, like Misfat, features mud-brick houses.

We had an opportunity to climb the watchtower and get an interesting perspective on the town. There are two interesting sites here, in addition to the tower.

Bait Al Safah, a living museum
Local women will demonstrate home life, including bread-making, coffee grinding, and other daily tasks in what appears to be an old mud house.
Al Hoota Cave
This 2-million-year-old cave is the only cave on the Arabian peninsula that is open to the public. Currently, only a small portion of the cave is accessible, although the cave is approximately 5 kilometres long. There is an underground lake with rare blind fish.

Jebel Shams – Oman Grand Canyon

Jebel Shams - the Omani Grand Canyon — Oman Grand Canyon

Jebel Shams - the Grand Canyon of Oman — Oman Grand Canyon

As the car reached Jebel Shams, Oman’s highest peak, at just over 3km from sea level, we instantly realized that our final stop was equally as captivating as the others.

Along the edge of Jebel Shams, the cliffs drop a thousand metres, exposing dramatic scenery aptly nicknamed the Oman Grand Canyon.

The locals call this place Wadi Ghul. Whatever you call it, it is a masterpiece of nature, yet somehow still relatively unknown.

As you can see from the images, it was a lovely day, yet it was only us and two other cars in the car park.

Getting to Nizwa

Camel seen on the side of the road near Nizwa Oman — A camel on the side of the road

Another seen from the road, and a reminder that safety standards differ around the world. — A camel on the side of the road

Although it is less than 90km from Muscat to Nizwa, the drive takes nearly two hours. The modern main roads are fine, but once in the mountains, the slow-going roads are often steep, narrow, and harrowing.

The main options for getting to Nizwa are to either self-drive, take a tour, or hire a private guide. Each has its own advantages and disadvantages.

If you want to rent a car…

A few things to keep in mind:

The modern highways in Oman are easy to drive on, although be aware that nearly all the signage is in Arabic. For me, the unfamiliar characters make this an even bigger challenge than simply not speaking the language.
A 4×4 vehicle is strongly recommended if you drive to the Oman Grand Canyon, especially if it has rained. While regular cars can make the trip, they risk damaging the suspensions.
Safety standards and driving practices are different to what I am comfortable with, and it often makes me nervous to see cows or groups of people standing in a pick-up bed.
There are often free-roaming camels along the road. (I just found this interesting.)

However, in saying all that, if you want to self-drive, we have successfully used Rentalcars.com in parts of the world where we don’t speak the local language. Using their online system, we select our criteria (size, options, etc.) and are offered a list of cars from various local dealers.

By booking directly through RentalCars, we have never paid more than going directly, and we get excellent English-speaking support as well as additional insurance options. Reserve your rental car in Oman here.

If you want a guide…

Although we have driven in more than 50 countries around the world, we were glad to have a guide for our Nizwa day trip.

He offered a historical and local perspective that we would have missed. Our day was filled with anecdotes and demonstrations of how things are done. We not only saw the sights, but we gained a cultural understanding we would never have gotten without a guide.

In addition, he spoke both English and the local language, was familiar with the roads, and understood the timing needed to get from one location to the next.

Plus, I am not sure how we would have faired in the flash floods without a guide, but what we encountered was a rare and random freak storm in that part of Oman. Reserve your private guide here

Should I make a Nizwa day trip or stay overnight?

While this is a fabulous day trip, it was also an intense and exhausting one as we rushed through just about every stop. In retrospect, I wish we had spent the night.

More specifically, in hindsight, I would have made the trip with a Thursday night stay, allowing us to attend the livestock market in Nizwa early Friday morning.

In Nizwa, we recommend the four-star Golden Tulip Nizwa Hotel or stay in Misfat Al Abrieyeen at either the Misfah Old House or the Al Misfah Hospitality Inn.
Based in Muscat, we stayed at the Tulip Inn, which offered the comforts we like combined with an elegant mix of modern and classic elements of Omani culture. Centrally located, Tulip Inn was clean and colourful, with friendly and helpful staff. We recommend it as a mid-range option in Muscat. Reserve your room at Tulip Inn here.
However, if it’s pure luxury you seek, check out the stunning Muscat Shangri-La Resort. Located at the water’s edge, it is where I will stay if I ever get back to Muscat. Reserve your room at Shangri-La Resort here.

Interesting bathroom signs in Nizwa Oman — These male / female bathroom signs highlight traditional Omani formal wear. For men, this includes the Khanjar dagger.

Final thoughts and tips for your Nizwa day trip

Nizwa was named the Capital of Islamic Culture in 2015 in the Arab region.
Our entry to this Middle Eastern country was a bit more dramatic than we had hoped, but it all turned out okay in the end.
We got caught in a rare desert storm with flooding.
Enjoy some of the sweet, succulent dates if you visit.

More of our adventures in the Middle East

Desert Flood – Freak Storm in Oman as Flood Fills our Road

Entering Oman – An Amusing Delay at Immigration

Misfat Al Abriyeen: Discover a Village in Oman’s Hajar Mountains

Old and New Dubai in a Day: From Souks to the World’s Tallest Building